17 rujna, 2008
15 lipnja, 2008
Automobili AUDI
Audi A8
Cjelokupna karoserija djeluje izrazito kompaktno i sportski te čini siluetu ove limuzine znatno nižom nego što ona u stvarnosti i je. Njenu uspješnost potvrđuje i koeficjent otpora zraku, cd 0,27 što je rekordno nizak broj u ovoj klasi.
Segment kojem pripada Audi A8 nikada se nije dičio velikim prodajnim brojkama jer se globalno radi o prosječno 230.000 automobila godišnje. Gužva nikad nije bila veća pa sada Audi uz dobro znane protivnike iz Muenchena (BMW) i Stuttgarta (Mercedes-Benz) dobiva i dodatne konkurente poput Phaetona ili Lexusa. Uzme li se u obzir da gotovo 2/3 prodaje otpada na tržište Sjedinjenih Američkih Država, Japanski se konkurenti ne mogu zanemarivati jer oni jako dobro kotiraju na tim prostorima. Prethodnik Audija A8 uspio je etablirati proizvođača iz Ingolstadta kao ravnopravnog konkurenta starim zvijezdama ove klase.
Savršena aerodinamika
Moderno, dinamično, luksuzno i statusno uočljivo glavne su smjernice kojima Audi kani osvojiti kupce. Dizajneri su se posebno posvetili dinamici automobila. Prednji je kraj gotovo okomito odrezan sa neznatno ispupčenim branikom. Tradicionalno dvostruki otvori za zrak za velikim logom porubljeni su kromom, a tehnološki napredna svjetla postala su također dizajnerski detalj jer su vrlo lako uočljiva ispod prozirnih poklopaca. Prednji su kotači izvučeni do samog ruba karoserije čija bočna silueta otkriva gotovo kupeovsku formu krova. Ona je dodatno naglašena kromiranim porubima koji okružuju krovnu liniju dok je B nosač prigušen crnilom. Cjelokupna karoserija djeluje izrazito kompaktno i sportski te čini siluetu ove limuzine znatno nižom nego što ona u stvarnosti i je. Njenu uspješnost potvrđuje i koeficjent otpora zraku, cd 0,27 što je rekordno nizak broj u ovoj klasi. Njena je uspješnost postignuta i modificiranjem podnice automobila koja i pri 300 km/h ostavlja automobil stabilnim. Dimenzijama je Audi A8 u skladu sa glavnim konkurentima. 5051 mm ukupne dužine dovoljno je da preraste S-klasu i seriju 7 dok se sa širinom od 1894 mm smjestio između njih. Sa ukupnom je visinom od 1424 mm Audi najniži.
Kraljevsko-sportska unutrašnjost
Unutrašnjost automobila osvaja. Prvo što upada u oči je golemi središnji greben koji vam svojom pozicijom ostavlja dojam sjedenja u sportskome automobilu. Razmak između vozača i suvozača je velik, a komfor maksimalan. Već i slabiji modeli iz audijeve game ostavljaju dojam visoke kvalitete izrade, a kod A8-ce ona doslovno pršti u svakome detalju. Cijela armaturna ploča stapa sa na svojim krajevima sa oblogama vratiju te tvori vrlo poželjno vozačku okolinu. Glavna su dva pokazivača odvojena u okruglim dupljama, a između njih je smješten info ekran putnog računala. Standardno četverokraki multifunkcionalni upravljač podesiv je u svim smjerovima, a uz doplatu gubi jedan krak i ostavlja još sportskiji dojam. Osim multifunkcionalne funkcije upravljač može biti opremljen i ručicama za prebacivanje stupnjeva prijenosa tiptronica. Njihov je operativni sistem provjeren na utrci 24 sata Le Mansa u bolidima R8 koji su zaposjeli pobjedničko postolje. Maksimalnom komforu pridonose brojni detalji. Sjedala se pomičnu električno, a uz doplatu moguće je podešavanje i gornjeg nagiba naslona te dužine sjedećeg dijela. Odličan klima uređaj standardno regulira temperaturu po polovini automobila, a uz doplatu je moguća četverostruka kontrola održavanja temperature. Osim toga osjetnik vlage sprečava zamagljivanje stakala, a sam rad klime je gotovo bešuman. Suvozačicama će se posebno svidjeti dvostruko ogledalo u zaslonu. Naime jednostavnim se prevlačenjem običnog ogledala otkriva ogledalo sa efektom uvećavanja koje će u znatnoj mjeri olakšati šminkanje u automobilu.
Svemogući MMI
U svrhu olakšanja brojnih kontrolnih funkcija koje podešava vozač razvijen je MMI sistem (Multi Media Interface). Sustav je smješten na središnjem grebenu, vozaču na dohvat ruke. Pomoću okruglog gumba vrši se odabir željene funkcije, a dodatne četri tipke detaljiziraju odabir. Drugi sastavni dio sistema je 7” monitor u boji smješten na središnjoj konzoli. Na monitoru pratimo podešavanje funkcija, moguće je gledanje televizije, prati se satelitska navigacija, podešava ovjes... MMI nadzire sve pa preko njega možete regulirati i jačinu unutarnje rasvjete, visinu ovjesa, tlak u gumama, TV program... Osim na klasičan način putem središnjeg daljinskog zaključavanja te ključa uz doplatu se Audi A8 može pokretati i bez uporabe ključa. Napredan ključ je dovoljno nositi u džepu. Dolaskom na 1,5 m do automobila vrata se otključavaju, a pritiskom prekidača na središnjoj konzoli motor se pali. Osim paljenja motora, isti prekidač detektira otiske prstiju vozača te prema njima namješta memorirane pozicije sjedala, upravljača, jačine zvuka, omiljenu radio stanicu... U prekidaču je smješteno čak 65.000 elektroda koje skeniraju otisak prsta! Ovako individualizirani pristup moguć je za ukupno četiri osobe. Napredni tempomat ne održava samo postavljenu brzinu, već je u skladu sa dinamikom vožnje vozila ispred Audija podešava pa nisu potrebna vozačke intervencije. Na središnjem je grebenu izostala i klasična ručna kočnica. I ona je zamijenjena običnim prekidačem koji je kontrolira elektromehaničkim putem.
Za sada samo V8
Evolucija ASF (Audi Space Frame) tehnologije aluminijske karoserije započeta 1994. nastavljena je i na novom modelu. Zahvaljujući smanjenju broja komponenti statička torzijska čvrstoća povećana je za 60 % u odnosu na prethodnika. Također, sama konstrukcija je u usporedbi sa čeličnom kakvu rabe konkurenti 50% lakša. Njena masa iznosi svega 215 kg što znatno pridonosi dinamičkim svojstvima i ekonomiji. Aluminij je rabljen i prilikom izrade podvozja. Automobil je izuzetno siguran te u serijskoj opremi dobivate najviše standarde aktivne i pasivne zaštite. Top model pogoni 335 KS moćan V8 motor sa pet ventila po cilindru. Niti pri višim brzinama razina buke u automobilu ne dosiže prosječne razine već je ispod njih. Pri 130 Km/h izmjereno je svega 66 dB. Ergonomija je savršena, a materijali visoke kvalitete. Koža, ugodna plastika, drvo, kromirani detalji tvore simbiozu luksuza i maksimalnog komfora. Nedostaje jedino masaža u sjedalima. V8 motor lako se nosi sa aluminijskom karoserijom te ubrza do 100 km/h za 6,3 s, a maksimalna mu je brzina standardno ograničena na 250 km/h. Mjenjač je tiptronic sa šest stupnjeva prijenosa. Osim u automatskom modu moguće je prebacivanje i u ručni mod. Stupnjevi se tada prebacuju pomoću ručice mjenjača, a uz doplatu pomoću polugica smještenih iza upravljača. U S modu DSP (Dynamic Shift Program) mjenjača podređen je sportskom načinu vožnje te tako neće doći do prebacivanja u viši stupanj prijenosa otpuštanjem papučice gasa, a također do promjene stupnja prijenosa neće doći niti usred zavoja. Naime, DSP komunicira sa ESP sistemom koji detektira nagib vozila i lateralne sile. Stvar funkcionira savršeno. Niti najzagriženiji protivnici automatika nemaju mjesta primjedbama na rad mjenjača. Promjene stupnjeva su brze i omogućuju izuzetno sportsku vožnju. Trenutno i da želite ne možete dobiti klasičan ručni mjenjač jer se A8 isporučuje isključivo sa tiptronicom.
Slijedi još nekoliko izvedbi
I slabiji je model za normalna poimanja bio itekako bogato opremljen. Manjak obujama i konja i nije pretjerano primjetan te je stoga i ovome modelu maksimalna brzina ograničena na 250 km/h, a ubrzanje do 100 km/h svega jednu sekundu slabije. Obala su modela opremljena quattro pogonom na sva četiri kotača koji im daje superiornije ponašanje u vožnji pred konkurentima. Kada se netko treba izboriti za svoje mjesto u luksuznoj kategoriji potrebno je stalno nadmašivanje konkurencije. Novi Audi A8 u potpunosti je uspio, te po našem sudu predstavlja vrhunac koji trenutno ova klasa nudi. Početnu paletu čine predstavljena dva V8 motora, a proširenje je najavljeno vrlo brzo i to slabijim V6 motorom te moćnim V8 TDi agregatom. Najavljena je i produžene karoserijska izvedba s kojom će se odlično uklopiti W12 motor.
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Audi A6
Novi Audi A6 moćniji je, veći i prostraniji od svojeg prethodnika. On je također sigurniji i bogatiji serijskom opremom.
Novi Audi A6 zadržao je svoj prepoznatljivi zaobljeni izgled i eleganciju. Veće promijene nanesene su na prednju masku automobila, koja sada odaje veće težnje Audija da novu A6-icu prikaže u izraženijem sportskom i agresivnijem maniru no kod prethodnika. Aposolutna novost je maska u stilu Auto Uniona koju bi nakon A6 trebali preuzeti i drugi modeli u ponudi. Interijer je ergonomski doveden do savršenstva. A6-ica bez problema udobno smješta četvero putnika i gomilu njihove prtljage. Kontrolna ploča, zajedno sa kožom presvučenim upravljačem i centralnim uređajima nakošena je u smjeru vozača. Završna obrada interijera na najvišoj je razini. Kvalitetna plastika te oku i dodiru ugodni materijali upotpunjuju dojam kako u Audijevi dizajneri ništa nisu prepuštali slučaju.
Napredak kroz tehnologiju
Vlastitu krilaticu «Napretka kroz tehinku» Audijevi inženjeri u Ingolstadtovim razvojnim postrojenjima shvatili su doslovno. Tako je u novi A6 ugurana sva sila elektronike koja putnicima stoji na usluzi kako bi bili sigurniji, osjećali se udobnije ili se jednostavno zabavljali. MMI basic, centralni sustav upravljanja putem 6'5 inchnog LCD zaslona omogućuje rukovanje multimedijalnim sadržajima kao što su DVD ili višekanalna stereo glazba na BOSE-ovom ozvučenju.
Snaga koja klade valja
Novi Audi A6 biti će pogonjen varijacijom dieselskih i benzinskih agregata, od kojih ćemo kao najinteresantnije istaknuti V6 3.0 TDI te 4.2 V8 benzinca. Tijekom 2005. godine u Hrvatsku bi trebao stići i 3.2 FSI benzinac s izravnim ubrizgavanjem goriva . Sve motore krasi konstantna krivulja porasta snage i okretnog momenta kroz čitavo radno područje od 2000 do 6500 o/min, što se ponajviše očituje kod pretjecanja kada snažno pritiskanje papučice gasa uzrokuje trenutnu reakciju motora bez obzira na brzinu u kojoj se nalazi. Poradi ogromnog okretnog momenta, jedino će modeli 2.4 V6 te 3.0 V6 benzinci, biti ponuđeni sa 6-stupanjskim manualnim mjenjačem te prednjim pogonom, dok će ostali modeli serijski dolaziti sa automatskim Tiptronicom i integralnim Quattro pogonom na sva četiri kotača. Ubrzanje od 0-100 km/h kreće se u rasponu od 6,1 sekunde za 4.2 V8 do 8,9 sekundi za 2.4 V6. Maksimalna brzina elektronski je ograničena na 250 km/h.
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Audi A5/S5: Povratak coupea
Nakon relijaške ikone, legendarnog coupéa iz 80-ih te elegantnog modela nastalog na bazi serije B3/B4 Audi se u coupé ligu vraća modelom A5 koji se smješta između aktualnih A4 i A6. Uspjeh, kao niti kod prethodnika, ne bi smio izostati.
Nuvolari quattro koncept iz 2003. dao je prvu najavu vizije Audija sa snažnim i stručno stiliziranim coupéom s visokim potencijalom performansi i naprednim, profinjenim dizajnom. Mnogi elementi Nuvolarija preneseni su u ovaj coupé. On tako uspješno spaja provjereni dizajn Audija s uzbudljivim dinamičnim voznim osobinama te kombinira osebujnu otmjenost s karakterističnom kvalitetom i profinjenošću branda. Njegov napredan dizajn daje novom coupéu istovremeno elegantan i dinamičan izgled. «Audi A5 najljepši je automobil koji sam ikada dizajnirao», kaže, potpuno siguran u to, Walter de’Silva, voditelj Volkswagen Group Design.
Četiri sjedala i adekvatan prtljažnik
Dužinom od 463 cm Audi A5 jasno pripada u vrhunsku klasu coupéa. Četiri udobna sjedala i kapacitet utovarnog prostora od 455 litara čine ovaj automobil udobnim tourerom na duge staze. Dinamičnu izvedbu osiguravaju FSI i TDI motori s procijenjenom snagom od 170 do 265 KS. Snaga motora prenosi se ili pogonom na prednje kotače ili Quattro pogonom na sva četiri kotača te šest-brzinskim ručnim ili automatskim mjenjačem (multitronic ima čak 8 brzina). Podvozje razvijeno za A5 potpuno je novo i kombinira okretnost s najvećim stupnjem sigurnosti vožnje.
Perfektna unutrašnjost
Unutrašnjost, veza između osobe i vozila, okarakterizirana je ergonomskim dizajnom i funkcionalnošću te jednakom ekskluzivnošću odabranih materijala i tipičnom vrhunskom kvalitetom izgradnje Audija. Atmosfera u unutrašnjosti, gdje se osjećate savršeno smirenima čak i na dugim putovanjima – ključna je osobina unutrašnjosti A5. Kompletna arhitektura kokpita jasno je usmjerena na vozača, a instrumenti i središnja konzola čine cjelinu. Instrumentna ploča, s karakterističnim oblikom okvira brzinomjera i brojača obrtaja u obliku kapi, izražava tipične stilske elemente Audija, iako je u svim svojim detaljima novo dizajnirana. A5 je također opremljen zaslonima za MMI sustav postavljen na ergonomski savršenom visokom položaju u kokpitu. Nova, napredna verzija provjerene intuitivne MMI logike čini razumijevanje velikog broja funkcija vrlo jednostavnim.
Novi FSI i TDI
Coupé izrazito sportskog karaktera zahtjeva snažne i vrlo učinkovite motore. Svi motori za novi model opremljeni su direktnim ubrizgavanjem goriva, za koje benzinski motori koriste FSI koncept, a dizelski motori su opremljeni uobičajenim TDI sustavom. Najjači motor benzinske ponude Audija A5 novi je V6 3.2 litreni FSI s inovativnom opremom ventila koja sadrži Audijev sustav otvaranja ventila. Ova inovacija razlikuje otvaranje ventila u dvije faze. Kako bi to postigli, komplet kliznih bregastih osovina postavljen je direktno na usisne bregaste osovine. Na raspolaganju je 265 KS i okretni moment od 330 Nm na širokom rasponu broja obrtaja od 3000 do 5000 o/min. Za 6,1 sekundi 3.2 FSI quattro s ručnim šest-brzinskim mjenjačem juri od 0 do 100 km/h. Maksimalna brzina ograničena je na 250 km/h. Tu je još i novi 1.8 TFSI sa 170 KS, a kod dizelaša valja izdvojiti poznati 3.0 TDI koji sada razvija čak 240 KS i 500 Nm te je s ubrzanjem od 5,9 s brži i od spomenutog benzinskog modela. Slabiji V6 TDI od 2.7 litara razvija 190 KS.
Nastavak uspješne priče
Iako ne potječe iz svijeta rallya, poput svog prethodnika, pred novim je Audijevim coupéom definitivno svjetla budućnost. Novi coupé s četiri prstena je upravo ono što su kupci tražili.
Audi S5
Čak 354 KS pod poklopcem motora skriva najjači model u ponudi oznake S5. Uz 440 Nm okretnog momenta S5 s 4.2 V8 motorom do 100 km/h ubrzava za samo 5,1 sekundu. Pogon je, naravno, quattro, a S5 se od slabije braće razlikuje specijalnim decentnim dodacima na karoseriji koji izgled podižu na sasvim drugu razinu. Ista je priča i u unutrašnjosti gdje oduševljavaju sportska sjedala, sportski upravljač, instrumenti sa sivim brojevima i aluminijske pločice pragova vrata.
Cjelokupna karoserija djeluje izrazito kompaktno i sportski te čini siluetu ove limuzine znatno nižom nego što ona u stvarnosti i je. Njenu uspješnost potvrđuje i koeficjent otpora zraku, cd 0,27 što je rekordno nizak broj u ovoj klasi.
Segment kojem pripada Audi A8 nikada se nije dičio velikim prodajnim brojkama jer se globalno radi o prosječno 230.000 automobila godišnje. Gužva nikad nije bila veća pa sada Audi uz dobro znane protivnike iz Muenchena (BMW) i Stuttgarta (Mercedes-Benz) dobiva i dodatne konkurente poput Phaetona ili Lexusa. Uzme li se u obzir da gotovo 2/3 prodaje otpada na tržište Sjedinjenih Američkih Država, Japanski se konkurenti ne mogu zanemarivati jer oni jako dobro kotiraju na tim prostorima. Prethodnik Audija A8 uspio je etablirati proizvođača iz Ingolstadta kao ravnopravnog konkurenta starim zvijezdama ove klase.
Savršena aerodinamika
Moderno, dinamično, luksuzno i statusno uočljivo glavne su smjernice kojima Audi kani osvojiti kupce. Dizajneri su se posebno posvetili dinamici automobila. Prednji je kraj gotovo okomito odrezan sa neznatno ispupčenim branikom. Tradicionalno dvostruki otvori za zrak za velikim logom porubljeni su kromom, a tehnološki napredna svjetla postala su također dizajnerski detalj jer su vrlo lako uočljiva ispod prozirnih poklopaca. Prednji su kotači izvučeni do samog ruba karoserije čija bočna silueta otkriva gotovo kupeovsku formu krova. Ona je dodatno naglašena kromiranim porubima koji okružuju krovnu liniju dok je B nosač prigušen crnilom. Cjelokupna karoserija djeluje izrazito kompaktno i sportski te čini siluetu ove limuzine znatno nižom nego što ona u stvarnosti i je. Njenu uspješnost potvrđuje i koeficjent otpora zraku, cd 0,27 što je rekordno nizak broj u ovoj klasi. Njena je uspješnost postignuta i modificiranjem podnice automobila koja i pri 300 km/h ostavlja automobil stabilnim. Dimenzijama je Audi A8 u skladu sa glavnim konkurentima. 5051 mm ukupne dužine dovoljno je da preraste S-klasu i seriju 7 dok se sa širinom od 1894 mm smjestio između njih. Sa ukupnom je visinom od 1424 mm Audi najniži.
Kraljevsko-sportska unutrašnjost
Unutrašnjost automobila osvaja. Prvo što upada u oči je golemi središnji greben koji vam svojom pozicijom ostavlja dojam sjedenja u sportskome automobilu. Razmak između vozača i suvozača je velik, a komfor maksimalan. Već i slabiji modeli iz audijeve game ostavljaju dojam visoke kvalitete izrade, a kod A8-ce ona doslovno pršti u svakome detalju. Cijela armaturna ploča stapa sa na svojim krajevima sa oblogama vratiju te tvori vrlo poželjno vozačku okolinu. Glavna su dva pokazivača odvojena u okruglim dupljama, a između njih je smješten info ekran putnog računala. Standardno četverokraki multifunkcionalni upravljač podesiv je u svim smjerovima, a uz doplatu gubi jedan krak i ostavlja još sportskiji dojam. Osim multifunkcionalne funkcije upravljač može biti opremljen i ručicama za prebacivanje stupnjeva prijenosa tiptronica. Njihov je operativni sistem provjeren na utrci 24 sata Le Mansa u bolidima R8 koji su zaposjeli pobjedničko postolje. Maksimalnom komforu pridonose brojni detalji. Sjedala se pomičnu električno, a uz doplatu moguće je podešavanje i gornjeg nagiba naslona te dužine sjedećeg dijela. Odličan klima uređaj standardno regulira temperaturu po polovini automobila, a uz doplatu je moguća četverostruka kontrola održavanja temperature. Osim toga osjetnik vlage sprečava zamagljivanje stakala, a sam rad klime je gotovo bešuman. Suvozačicama će se posebno svidjeti dvostruko ogledalo u zaslonu. Naime jednostavnim se prevlačenjem običnog ogledala otkriva ogledalo sa efektom uvećavanja koje će u znatnoj mjeri olakšati šminkanje u automobilu.
Svemogući MMI
U svrhu olakšanja brojnih kontrolnih funkcija koje podešava vozač razvijen je MMI sistem (Multi Media Interface). Sustav je smješten na središnjem grebenu, vozaču na dohvat ruke. Pomoću okruglog gumba vrši se odabir željene funkcije, a dodatne četri tipke detaljiziraju odabir. Drugi sastavni dio sistema je 7” monitor u boji smješten na središnjoj konzoli. Na monitoru pratimo podešavanje funkcija, moguće je gledanje televizije, prati se satelitska navigacija, podešava ovjes... MMI nadzire sve pa preko njega možete regulirati i jačinu unutarnje rasvjete, visinu ovjesa, tlak u gumama, TV program... Osim na klasičan način putem središnjeg daljinskog zaključavanja te ključa uz doplatu se Audi A8 može pokretati i bez uporabe ključa. Napredan ključ je dovoljno nositi u džepu. Dolaskom na 1,5 m do automobila vrata se otključavaju, a pritiskom prekidača na središnjoj konzoli motor se pali. Osim paljenja motora, isti prekidač detektira otiske prstiju vozača te prema njima namješta memorirane pozicije sjedala, upravljača, jačine zvuka, omiljenu radio stanicu... U prekidaču je smješteno čak 65.000 elektroda koje skeniraju otisak prsta! Ovako individualizirani pristup moguć je za ukupno četiri osobe. Napredni tempomat ne održava samo postavljenu brzinu, već je u skladu sa dinamikom vožnje vozila ispred Audija podešava pa nisu potrebna vozačke intervencije. Na središnjem je grebenu izostala i klasična ručna kočnica. I ona je zamijenjena običnim prekidačem koji je kontrolira elektromehaničkim putem.
Za sada samo V8
Evolucija ASF (Audi Space Frame) tehnologije aluminijske karoserije započeta 1994. nastavljena je i na novom modelu. Zahvaljujući smanjenju broja komponenti statička torzijska čvrstoća povećana je za 60 % u odnosu na prethodnika. Također, sama konstrukcija je u usporedbi sa čeličnom kakvu rabe konkurenti 50% lakša. Njena masa iznosi svega 215 kg što znatno pridonosi dinamičkim svojstvima i ekonomiji. Aluminij je rabljen i prilikom izrade podvozja. Automobil je izuzetno siguran te u serijskoj opremi dobivate najviše standarde aktivne i pasivne zaštite. Top model pogoni 335 KS moćan V8 motor sa pet ventila po cilindru. Niti pri višim brzinama razina buke u automobilu ne dosiže prosječne razine već je ispod njih. Pri 130 Km/h izmjereno je svega 66 dB. Ergonomija je savršena, a materijali visoke kvalitete. Koža, ugodna plastika, drvo, kromirani detalji tvore simbiozu luksuza i maksimalnog komfora. Nedostaje jedino masaža u sjedalima. V8 motor lako se nosi sa aluminijskom karoserijom te ubrza do 100 km/h za 6,3 s, a maksimalna mu je brzina standardno ograničena na 250 km/h. Mjenjač je tiptronic sa šest stupnjeva prijenosa. Osim u automatskom modu moguće je prebacivanje i u ručni mod. Stupnjevi se tada prebacuju pomoću ručice mjenjača, a uz doplatu pomoću polugica smještenih iza upravljača. U S modu DSP (Dynamic Shift Program) mjenjača podređen je sportskom načinu vožnje te tako neće doći do prebacivanja u viši stupanj prijenosa otpuštanjem papučice gasa, a također do promjene stupnja prijenosa neće doći niti usred zavoja. Naime, DSP komunicira sa ESP sistemom koji detektira nagib vozila i lateralne sile. Stvar funkcionira savršeno. Niti najzagriženiji protivnici automatika nemaju mjesta primjedbama na rad mjenjača. Promjene stupnjeva su brze i omogućuju izuzetno sportsku vožnju. Trenutno i da želite ne možete dobiti klasičan ručni mjenjač jer se A8 isporučuje isključivo sa tiptronicom.
Slijedi još nekoliko izvedbi
I slabiji je model za normalna poimanja bio itekako bogato opremljen. Manjak obujama i konja i nije pretjerano primjetan te je stoga i ovome modelu maksimalna brzina ograničena na 250 km/h, a ubrzanje do 100 km/h svega jednu sekundu slabije. Obala su modela opremljena quattro pogonom na sva četiri kotača koji im daje superiornije ponašanje u vožnji pred konkurentima. Kada se netko treba izboriti za svoje mjesto u luksuznoj kategoriji potrebno je stalno nadmašivanje konkurencije. Novi Audi A8 u potpunosti je uspio, te po našem sudu predstavlja vrhunac koji trenutno ova klasa nudi. Početnu paletu čine predstavljena dva V8 motora, a proširenje je najavljeno vrlo brzo i to slabijim V6 motorom te moćnim V8 TDi agregatom. Najavljena je i produžene karoserijska izvedba s kojom će se odlično uklopiti W12 motor.
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Audi A6
Novi Audi A6 moćniji je, veći i prostraniji od svojeg prethodnika. On je također sigurniji i bogatiji serijskom opremom.
Novi Audi A6 zadržao je svoj prepoznatljivi zaobljeni izgled i eleganciju. Veće promijene nanesene su na prednju masku automobila, koja sada odaje veće težnje Audija da novu A6-icu prikaže u izraženijem sportskom i agresivnijem maniru no kod prethodnika. Aposolutna novost je maska u stilu Auto Uniona koju bi nakon A6 trebali preuzeti i drugi modeli u ponudi. Interijer je ergonomski doveden do savršenstva. A6-ica bez problema udobno smješta četvero putnika i gomilu njihove prtljage. Kontrolna ploča, zajedno sa kožom presvučenim upravljačem i centralnim uređajima nakošena je u smjeru vozača. Završna obrada interijera na najvišoj je razini. Kvalitetna plastika te oku i dodiru ugodni materijali upotpunjuju dojam kako u Audijevi dizajneri ništa nisu prepuštali slučaju.
Napredak kroz tehnologiju
Vlastitu krilaticu «Napretka kroz tehinku» Audijevi inženjeri u Ingolstadtovim razvojnim postrojenjima shvatili su doslovno. Tako je u novi A6 ugurana sva sila elektronike koja putnicima stoji na usluzi kako bi bili sigurniji, osjećali se udobnije ili se jednostavno zabavljali. MMI basic, centralni sustav upravljanja putem 6'5 inchnog LCD zaslona omogućuje rukovanje multimedijalnim sadržajima kao što su DVD ili višekanalna stereo glazba na BOSE-ovom ozvučenju.
Snaga koja klade valja
Novi Audi A6 biti će pogonjen varijacijom dieselskih i benzinskih agregata, od kojih ćemo kao najinteresantnije istaknuti V6 3.0 TDI te 4.2 V8 benzinca. Tijekom 2005. godine u Hrvatsku bi trebao stići i 3.2 FSI benzinac s izravnim ubrizgavanjem goriva . Sve motore krasi konstantna krivulja porasta snage i okretnog momenta kroz čitavo radno područje od 2000 do 6500 o/min, što se ponajviše očituje kod pretjecanja kada snažno pritiskanje papučice gasa uzrokuje trenutnu reakciju motora bez obzira na brzinu u kojoj se nalazi. Poradi ogromnog okretnog momenta, jedino će modeli 2.4 V6 te 3.0 V6 benzinci, biti ponuđeni sa 6-stupanjskim manualnim mjenjačem te prednjim pogonom, dok će ostali modeli serijski dolaziti sa automatskim Tiptronicom i integralnim Quattro pogonom na sva četiri kotača. Ubrzanje od 0-100 km/h kreće se u rasponu od 6,1 sekunde za 4.2 V8 do 8,9 sekundi za 2.4 V6. Maksimalna brzina elektronski je ograničena na 250 km/h.
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Audi A5/S5: Povratak coupea
Nakon relijaške ikone, legendarnog coupéa iz 80-ih te elegantnog modela nastalog na bazi serije B3/B4 Audi se u coupé ligu vraća modelom A5 koji se smješta između aktualnih A4 i A6. Uspjeh, kao niti kod prethodnika, ne bi smio izostati.
Nuvolari quattro koncept iz 2003. dao je prvu najavu vizije Audija sa snažnim i stručno stiliziranim coupéom s visokim potencijalom performansi i naprednim, profinjenim dizajnom. Mnogi elementi Nuvolarija preneseni su u ovaj coupé. On tako uspješno spaja provjereni dizajn Audija s uzbudljivim dinamičnim voznim osobinama te kombinira osebujnu otmjenost s karakterističnom kvalitetom i profinjenošću branda. Njegov napredan dizajn daje novom coupéu istovremeno elegantan i dinamičan izgled. «Audi A5 najljepši je automobil koji sam ikada dizajnirao», kaže, potpuno siguran u to, Walter de’Silva, voditelj Volkswagen Group Design.
Četiri sjedala i adekvatan prtljažnik
Dužinom od 463 cm Audi A5 jasno pripada u vrhunsku klasu coupéa. Četiri udobna sjedala i kapacitet utovarnog prostora od 455 litara čine ovaj automobil udobnim tourerom na duge staze. Dinamičnu izvedbu osiguravaju FSI i TDI motori s procijenjenom snagom od 170 do 265 KS. Snaga motora prenosi se ili pogonom na prednje kotače ili Quattro pogonom na sva četiri kotača te šest-brzinskim ručnim ili automatskim mjenjačem (multitronic ima čak 8 brzina). Podvozje razvijeno za A5 potpuno je novo i kombinira okretnost s najvećim stupnjem sigurnosti vožnje.
Perfektna unutrašnjost
Unutrašnjost, veza između osobe i vozila, okarakterizirana je ergonomskim dizajnom i funkcionalnošću te jednakom ekskluzivnošću odabranih materijala i tipičnom vrhunskom kvalitetom izgradnje Audija. Atmosfera u unutrašnjosti, gdje se osjećate savršeno smirenima čak i na dugim putovanjima – ključna je osobina unutrašnjosti A5. Kompletna arhitektura kokpita jasno je usmjerena na vozača, a instrumenti i središnja konzola čine cjelinu. Instrumentna ploča, s karakterističnim oblikom okvira brzinomjera i brojača obrtaja u obliku kapi, izražava tipične stilske elemente Audija, iako je u svim svojim detaljima novo dizajnirana. A5 je također opremljen zaslonima za MMI sustav postavljen na ergonomski savršenom visokom položaju u kokpitu. Nova, napredna verzija provjerene intuitivne MMI logike čini razumijevanje velikog broja funkcija vrlo jednostavnim.
Novi FSI i TDI
Coupé izrazito sportskog karaktera zahtjeva snažne i vrlo učinkovite motore. Svi motori za novi model opremljeni su direktnim ubrizgavanjem goriva, za koje benzinski motori koriste FSI koncept, a dizelski motori su opremljeni uobičajenim TDI sustavom. Najjači motor benzinske ponude Audija A5 novi je V6 3.2 litreni FSI s inovativnom opremom ventila koja sadrži Audijev sustav otvaranja ventila. Ova inovacija razlikuje otvaranje ventila u dvije faze. Kako bi to postigli, komplet kliznih bregastih osovina postavljen je direktno na usisne bregaste osovine. Na raspolaganju je 265 KS i okretni moment od 330 Nm na širokom rasponu broja obrtaja od 3000 do 5000 o/min. Za 6,1 sekundi 3.2 FSI quattro s ručnim šest-brzinskim mjenjačem juri od 0 do 100 km/h. Maksimalna brzina ograničena je na 250 km/h. Tu je još i novi 1.8 TFSI sa 170 KS, a kod dizelaša valja izdvojiti poznati 3.0 TDI koji sada razvija čak 240 KS i 500 Nm te je s ubrzanjem od 5,9 s brži i od spomenutog benzinskog modela. Slabiji V6 TDI od 2.7 litara razvija 190 KS.
Nastavak uspješne priče
Iako ne potječe iz svijeta rallya, poput svog prethodnika, pred novim je Audijevim coupéom definitivno svjetla budućnost. Novi coupé s četiri prstena je upravo ono što su kupci tražili.
Audi S5
Čak 354 KS pod poklopcem motora skriva najjači model u ponudi oznake S5. Uz 440 Nm okretnog momenta S5 s 4.2 V8 motorom do 100 km/h ubrzava za samo 5,1 sekundu. Pogon je, naravno, quattro, a S5 se od slabije braće razlikuje specijalnim decentnim dodacima na karoseriji koji izgled podižu na sasvim drugu razinu. Ista je priča i u unutrašnjosti gdje oduševljavaju sportska sjedala, sportski upravljač, instrumenti sa sivim brojevima i aluminijske pločice pragova vrata.
14 lipnja, 2008
EURO 2008. Hrvatska stranica
Naslovnica – Euro2008Europsko nogometno prvenstvo 2008 Austrija i Švicarska - najnovije vijesti vezane uz reprezentacije koje sudjeluju na EP-u, o nogometašima, izbornicima, ...
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12 lipnja, 2008
UEFA EURO 2008.
UEFA Euro 2008 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia- The 2008 UEFA European Football Championship, commonly referred to as Euro 2008, is the 13th edition of the UEFA European Football Championship, ...
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11 lipnja, 2008
HRVATSKI zakon o sigurnosti prometa na cestama
9.6.2008 Zakon o sigurnosti prometa na cestama. Proglašavam Zakon o sigurnosti prometa na cestama, kojeg je Hrvatski sabor donio na sjednici 30. svibnja 2008. godine. Klasa: 011-01/08-01/58 ...
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Prva knjiga “Kyokushinkai karate kate” “Kyokushinkai karate kata book”
Prva knjiga “Kyokushinkai karate kate” u Hrvatskoj
NOVO U HRVATSKOJ…..Po prvi puta u Hrvatskoj izdana knjiga pod nazivom “Kyokushinkai karate kate” na hrvatskom jeziku, tako i na engleskom “Kyokushinkai karate kata book”, detaljno prikazane sve kyokushinkai kate na 152 stranice. Nakladnik Kyokushinkai klub “Mas.Oyama” Strmec, a autor Shihan Zvonko Samaržija prof. Cijela knjiga je izrađena na kvalitetnom papiru i u boji. Sve informacije na tel: 095/856 49 48 ili na upit putem emaila http://info@kkk.hr.
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SNAGA UMA I VJEŠTINE:
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Foreign Money Transfer
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10 lipnja, 2008
WHITE PAPER CONNECTION
Overview
Increase sales productivity by eliminating leads that fail to meet your target demographic
Generate a consistent stream of qualified, sales-ready inquiries at a fixed cost per lead
Eliminate the hassle of dealing with lead flows from multiple media vendors, and aggressive ad reps demanding a bigger chunk of your media spend
Take the risk out of demand generation by generating the precise number of leads you need, all meeting the criteria you specify
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White Paper Connection utilizes CDI's vast network of media partners to ensure your content resides on those sites most likely to generate the most leads at the lowest cost. Plus we'll deal with those pesky ad reps so you don't have to. Ensure the Success of your Content Syndication Program with White Paper ConnectionTM
According to a recent study, more than 90 percent of technology buyers consult a white paper or case study before contacting a vendor regarding a purchase.
Content syndication is one of the most cost-effective ways to leverage your investment in white papers, Webcasts, podcasts, case studies, analyst reports, and other informational content by making those documents instantly accessible to millions of technology buyers searching for information related to your category or the business problem that your product solves.
There are now hundreds of third party Websites and ad networks that will post your content for a fee. And therein lies the risk. Which sites are the best fit for your target demographic? How can you avoid paying for international contacts, or students, or other junk leads that you don't need? When every ad rep is chasing a slice of your marketing budget by claiming his or her site is the perfect fit, who do you believe? (Remember, even "guaranteed performance" doesn't mean much if those leads are from outside your target audience.)
Introducing No Risk, No Hassle Content Syndication
White Paper Connection is a turnkey service - media, creative, program management, campaign tracking, lead management - that eliminates the risk, vendor hassles, and ongoing management from content syndication. Here's how it works:
You tell CDI how many leads you need, how much you're willing to pay for those leads, and what criteria you need those leads to meet (for example: geography, company size, industry, or even technical criteria such as type of software)
We consult our vast network of media partners - companies like CNET, ITToolbox, IT Business Edge, NetLine, and many more - and negotiate a package of content postings and other promotions that gives you precisely the number of leads you want, from the types of companies you want to talk to, at the cost you want to pay
We'll manage every facet of the campaign - develop a custom media plan, negotiate with the vendors, write the abstracts or any other required marketing copy, consult with you on the type of content proven to work best for other clients, place the content on your behalf, capture all registrations, and then consolidate that lead flow either into a CSV file to be delivered via e-mail, or set up an automatic data feed into Salesforce.com or other CRM/SFA tool.
Even though we guarantee results, we don't just turn the campaign on and walk away. We'll generate live, Web-based reports so you can access up-to-the-minute results 24/7, and we'll monitor the program constantly, troubleshooting any vendor issues that arise, and making recommendations to add, drop or swap content as necessary.
Want more? Enhance your program with Lead Recycling, our turnkey lead nurturing solution, and we'll automatically score, qualify, and nurture all inbound leads, only posting them to your CRM system when they're "sales ready" (by whatever criteria you define). For leads that don't meet the grade, we'll design custom communication programs to keep those leads warm until they merit sales follow-up.
How to get started
If you're already a Connect Direct client, simply contact your CDI account executive. Or, for a free, no-obligation consultation, contact our business development department at 650-306-9060 or send an e-mail to http://info@connectdirect.com.
Increase sales productivity by eliminating leads that fail to meet your target demographic
Generate a consistent stream of qualified, sales-ready inquiries at a fixed cost per lead
Eliminate the hassle of dealing with lead flows from multiple media vendors, and aggressive ad reps demanding a bigger chunk of your media spend
Take the risk out of demand generation by generating the precise number of leads you need, all meeting the criteria you specify
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White Paper Connection utilizes CDI's vast network of media partners to ensure your content resides on those sites most likely to generate the most leads at the lowest cost. Plus we'll deal with those pesky ad reps so you don't have to. Ensure the Success of your Content Syndication Program with White Paper ConnectionTM
According to a recent study, more than 90 percent of technology buyers consult a white paper or case study before contacting a vendor regarding a purchase.
Content syndication is one of the most cost-effective ways to leverage your investment in white papers, Webcasts, podcasts, case studies, analyst reports, and other informational content by making those documents instantly accessible to millions of technology buyers searching for information related to your category or the business problem that your product solves.
There are now hundreds of third party Websites and ad networks that will post your content for a fee. And therein lies the risk. Which sites are the best fit for your target demographic? How can you avoid paying for international contacts, or students, or other junk leads that you don't need? When every ad rep is chasing a slice of your marketing budget by claiming his or her site is the perfect fit, who do you believe? (Remember, even "guaranteed performance" doesn't mean much if those leads are from outside your target audience.)
Introducing No Risk, No Hassle Content Syndication
White Paper Connection is a turnkey service - media, creative, program management, campaign tracking, lead management - that eliminates the risk, vendor hassles, and ongoing management from content syndication. Here's how it works:
You tell CDI how many leads you need, how much you're willing to pay for those leads, and what criteria you need those leads to meet (for example: geography, company size, industry, or even technical criteria such as type of software)
We consult our vast network of media partners - companies like CNET, ITToolbox, IT Business Edge, NetLine, and many more - and negotiate a package of content postings and other promotions that gives you precisely the number of leads you want, from the types of companies you want to talk to, at the cost you want to pay
We'll manage every facet of the campaign - develop a custom media plan, negotiate with the vendors, write the abstracts or any other required marketing copy, consult with you on the type of content proven to work best for other clients, place the content on your behalf, capture all registrations, and then consolidate that lead flow either into a CSV file to be delivered via e-mail, or set up an automatic data feed into Salesforce.com or other CRM/SFA tool.
Even though we guarantee results, we don't just turn the campaign on and walk away. We'll generate live, Web-based reports so you can access up-to-the-minute results 24/7, and we'll monitor the program constantly, troubleshooting any vendor issues that arise, and making recommendations to add, drop or swap content as necessary.
Want more? Enhance your program with Lead Recycling, our turnkey lead nurturing solution, and we'll automatically score, qualify, and nurture all inbound leads, only posting them to your CRM system when they're "sales ready" (by whatever criteria you define). For leads that don't meet the grade, we'll design custom communication programs to keep those leads warm until they merit sales follow-up.
How to get started
If you're already a Connect Direct client, simply contact your CDI account executive. Or, for a free, no-obligation consultation, contact our business development department at 650-306-9060 or send an e-mail to http://info@connectdirect.com.
Tarantula
Tarantula Overview
Tarantulas are the largest spiders on earth. You will find them in all types of environments, from the deserts of Africa to the tropical rain forests of the Amazon. They belong to the family Theraphosidae which is made up of over 850 species. Tarantulas can reach sizes of over 10 inches and weight over 8 grams. Female tarantulas can live up to 30 years dependent on the species. Male tarantulas usually have a lifespan half as long as Female tarantulas. Tarantulas have fangs that only move up and down unlike other spiders that have opposable fangs.
People often refer to tarantulas in two groups, Old World and New World species. "Old world" refers to a tarantula found in Asia, Europe, Africa etc. "New World" mainly refers to a tarantula found in North and South America. Old World species tend to be more aggressive and have a more potent venom. New World species have urticating hairs. These are tiny little hair like structures that the tarantula will flick off their abdomen when they feel threatened. The hairs cause irritation in most predators, getting into their eyes and nose. These hairs can cause some people to itch. New World species tend to be less aggressive and throw urticating hairs for defense rather than bite. Granted there is always an exception to the rule and all tarantulas can and will bite if they feel threatened.
Other terms people use when referring to tarantulas is weather they are arboreal, terrestrial or burrowing. Arboreal tarantulas tend to live in trees, tall rocks, building sides, or other high places they can get too. Many will make a silk "tube web" to live in. Arboreal tarantulas tend to have better vision than the terrestrial and burrowing tarantulas. Terrestrial tarantulas do not burrow very often but will still hide under a piece of bark or rock if given the chance. They are mainly terrestrial as they will go hunting for food during the evening hours instead of waiting for food to come to them. Burrowing tarantulas usually make a burrow that they line with silk web to help keep clean and to notify them of prey being close. Burrowers spend most of their lives inside of their burrow.
Most tarantula diets are comprised of insects but some tarantulas get large enough to eat rodents and small birds. Some tarantulas actually go out looking for food, slowly sneaking up on prey and jumping on it. Others wait in their burrows or tube web for food to come to them. They will then pull it into their home where they will devour it.
Tarantulas do not eat solid foods. They must first predigest their food by spraying it with a liquid that comes from their chelicerae (fangs). After the food has become liquid they will then slowly suck it in. Their stomach is a long tube the full length of the tarantula body. This system breaks up the food the rest of the way and then absorbs into the tarantulas system.
Tarantulas are not always the hunters, sometimes they can be the prey. There are many types of predators of tarantulas. Some predators include wasp, birds, lizards, snakes, coyotes, scorpions and other spiders. And don't forget they will eat each other! Yes they can be cannibals.
The biggest predator of the tarantula is the tarantula hawk (Pepsis wasp). They will find and sting the tarantula which paralyzes it. The wasp will then drag it back to its nest. Once there she will lay her egg on the tarantula. When the egg hatches the larva will then consume the tarantula.
Sexing
Sexing a tarantula is not easy and even if you are an expert you can still make a mistake at times. There are a few ways of sexing tarantulas but the easiest one is by using a fresh shed....more coming soon, need pics
Breeding
First you need to make sure that they are both ready to mate. Females should not be mated if they have not shed for over 6 months. She will most likely not produce an egg sac before her next shed which will get rid of all the sperm the male deposited. The male is ready once he has shed into his mature state. You can tell that he is mature usually by the hooks in his front legs. Not all species of tarantulas hook out but most do. He will then make what is called a sperm web and the sperm into his paldipulps.
Once you have two tarantulas that are ready its time to put them together. You never want to put the female into the male's enclosure. If the female's enclosure is large enough it is best to place the male in her environment. If not, you can transfer the female to a larger container and give her some time to get comfortable before putting the male in with her.
Breeding can take a few minutes to a few hours dependent on many factors. You should keep a close eye on them during the whole procedure to make sure there are no injuries to your tarantula. The male should start to drum his legs on the ground a bit. He will slowly approach her. When they first touch you might notice them go crazy for a minute and think they are fighting. This is the scary part because they could be, but most likely not. He is trying to get his hooks onto her fangs so she can not bite him. Once this has happened he will reach under her with his paldipulps and deposit the sperm inside of her sperm pouch.
Now is the part where you need to intervene. As soon as he lets go of her he will try to run off. If she catches him before he can get way he is toast. Some believe it is not bad to let her eat him cause of the nutrients she gets from it. I personally would like to have my male in tact and mate them again later to make sure the breeding sticks and she has an egg sack.
Pet Tarantulas
Tarantulas are very popular in the invertebrate pet world. They range in prices from 25 cents to 100s of dollar or more dependent on their rarity, size and popularity. Some people collect different species as a hobby or others just have one for a pet. They are usually an inexpensive and easy pet to maintain.
If you are thinking of owning a tarantula there are few things you might want to think about first. Tarantulas live many years so it is not a pet that you will get and only have to worry about for a year or two. You need to do the research on the care of the specific tarantula you want to buy. Care does not widely vary but it is important to give your tarantula a healthy environment if you want it to live a long and happy life. Lastly decide if you want a species you can hold and play with or just look at because it is neat. There are many types to choose from so make sure to choose the type that most fits what you are looking for.
Common Questions
Question: Can a tarantula bite kill you?
Answer: Tarantula bites are mostly harmless. Some species have a bite that feels like a bee sting but others can be as bad as having really bad muscle cramps for a week or two. Of course if you are allergic they are more harmful.
Question: My tarantula stopped eating is something wrong?
Answer: If your spider decides to stop eating for a few weeks that's normal, and may signal an upcoming molt. Not to alarm anyone but other reasons might be that it is too cold, has a fungal infection, worms, or other ailment.
Question: My tarantula is on its back like it is dead, is it ok?
Answer: If you ever see your tarantula on its back, do not disturb it. They turn over on their back to molt and disturbing can interrupt this process and damage your tarantula. Leave it on its back they will right themselves when ready. Also don't feed your tarantula during this time and remove any live crickets, a freshly molted tarantula is nice soft treat for a lively feeder insect.
Question: How often should I feed my tarantula?
Answer: It all depends on the size and age of your tarantula. Younger tarantulas eat more often than adults. Do not leave excess food in their cage. If they do not eat it remove it.
We are a supplier of many Tarantulas and other inverts
http://www.KenTheBugGuy.com
Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Kenneth_Macneil
Tarantulas are the largest spiders on earth. You will find them in all types of environments, from the deserts of Africa to the tropical rain forests of the Amazon. They belong to the family Theraphosidae which is made up of over 850 species. Tarantulas can reach sizes of over 10 inches and weight over 8 grams. Female tarantulas can live up to 30 years dependent on the species. Male tarantulas usually have a lifespan half as long as Female tarantulas. Tarantulas have fangs that only move up and down unlike other spiders that have opposable fangs.
People often refer to tarantulas in two groups, Old World and New World species. "Old world" refers to a tarantula found in Asia, Europe, Africa etc. "New World" mainly refers to a tarantula found in North and South America. Old World species tend to be more aggressive and have a more potent venom. New World species have urticating hairs. These are tiny little hair like structures that the tarantula will flick off their abdomen when they feel threatened. The hairs cause irritation in most predators, getting into their eyes and nose. These hairs can cause some people to itch. New World species tend to be less aggressive and throw urticating hairs for defense rather than bite. Granted there is always an exception to the rule and all tarantulas can and will bite if they feel threatened.
Other terms people use when referring to tarantulas is weather they are arboreal, terrestrial or burrowing. Arboreal tarantulas tend to live in trees, tall rocks, building sides, or other high places they can get too. Many will make a silk "tube web" to live in. Arboreal tarantulas tend to have better vision than the terrestrial and burrowing tarantulas. Terrestrial tarantulas do not burrow very often but will still hide under a piece of bark or rock if given the chance. They are mainly terrestrial as they will go hunting for food during the evening hours instead of waiting for food to come to them. Burrowing tarantulas usually make a burrow that they line with silk web to help keep clean and to notify them of prey being close. Burrowers spend most of their lives inside of their burrow.
Most tarantula diets are comprised of insects but some tarantulas get large enough to eat rodents and small birds. Some tarantulas actually go out looking for food, slowly sneaking up on prey and jumping on it. Others wait in their burrows or tube web for food to come to them. They will then pull it into their home where they will devour it.
Tarantulas do not eat solid foods. They must first predigest their food by spraying it with a liquid that comes from their chelicerae (fangs). After the food has become liquid they will then slowly suck it in. Their stomach is a long tube the full length of the tarantula body. This system breaks up the food the rest of the way and then absorbs into the tarantulas system.
Tarantulas are not always the hunters, sometimes they can be the prey. There are many types of predators of tarantulas. Some predators include wasp, birds, lizards, snakes, coyotes, scorpions and other spiders. And don't forget they will eat each other! Yes they can be cannibals.
The biggest predator of the tarantula is the tarantula hawk (Pepsis wasp). They will find and sting the tarantula which paralyzes it. The wasp will then drag it back to its nest. Once there she will lay her egg on the tarantula. When the egg hatches the larva will then consume the tarantula.
Sexing
Sexing a tarantula is not easy and even if you are an expert you can still make a mistake at times. There are a few ways of sexing tarantulas but the easiest one is by using a fresh shed....more coming soon, need pics
Breeding
First you need to make sure that they are both ready to mate. Females should not be mated if they have not shed for over 6 months. She will most likely not produce an egg sac before her next shed which will get rid of all the sperm the male deposited. The male is ready once he has shed into his mature state. You can tell that he is mature usually by the hooks in his front legs. Not all species of tarantulas hook out but most do. He will then make what is called a sperm web and the sperm into his paldipulps.
Once you have two tarantulas that are ready its time to put them together. You never want to put the female into the male's enclosure. If the female's enclosure is large enough it is best to place the male in her environment. If not, you can transfer the female to a larger container and give her some time to get comfortable before putting the male in with her.
Breeding can take a few minutes to a few hours dependent on many factors. You should keep a close eye on them during the whole procedure to make sure there are no injuries to your tarantula. The male should start to drum his legs on the ground a bit. He will slowly approach her. When they first touch you might notice them go crazy for a minute and think they are fighting. This is the scary part because they could be, but most likely not. He is trying to get his hooks onto her fangs so she can not bite him. Once this has happened he will reach under her with his paldipulps and deposit the sperm inside of her sperm pouch.
Now is the part where you need to intervene. As soon as he lets go of her he will try to run off. If she catches him before he can get way he is toast. Some believe it is not bad to let her eat him cause of the nutrients she gets from it. I personally would like to have my male in tact and mate them again later to make sure the breeding sticks and she has an egg sack.
Pet Tarantulas
Tarantulas are very popular in the invertebrate pet world. They range in prices from 25 cents to 100s of dollar or more dependent on their rarity, size and popularity. Some people collect different species as a hobby or others just have one for a pet. They are usually an inexpensive and easy pet to maintain.
If you are thinking of owning a tarantula there are few things you might want to think about first. Tarantulas live many years so it is not a pet that you will get and only have to worry about for a year or two. You need to do the research on the care of the specific tarantula you want to buy. Care does not widely vary but it is important to give your tarantula a healthy environment if you want it to live a long and happy life. Lastly decide if you want a species you can hold and play with or just look at because it is neat. There are many types to choose from so make sure to choose the type that most fits what you are looking for.
Common Questions
Question: Can a tarantula bite kill you?
Answer: Tarantula bites are mostly harmless. Some species have a bite that feels like a bee sting but others can be as bad as having really bad muscle cramps for a week or two. Of course if you are allergic they are more harmful.
Question: My tarantula stopped eating is something wrong?
Answer: If your spider decides to stop eating for a few weeks that's normal, and may signal an upcoming molt. Not to alarm anyone but other reasons might be that it is too cold, has a fungal infection, worms, or other ailment.
Question: My tarantula is on its back like it is dead, is it ok?
Answer: If you ever see your tarantula on its back, do not disturb it. They turn over on their back to molt and disturbing can interrupt this process and damage your tarantula. Leave it on its back they will right themselves when ready. Also don't feed your tarantula during this time and remove any live crickets, a freshly molted tarantula is nice soft treat for a lively feeder insect.
Question: How often should I feed my tarantula?
Answer: It all depends on the size and age of your tarantula. Younger tarantulas eat more often than adults. Do not leave excess food in their cage. If they do not eat it remove it.
We are a supplier of many Tarantulas and other inverts
http://www.KenTheBugGuy.com
Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Kenneth_Macneil
Asthma
Asthma can be a debilitating condition for most people, especially those who lead an active life. This chronic respiratory ailment is not always easy to handle and requires a lifetime of treatment. A controller medicine is typically administered to the patient to help ease the inflammation present in the lung airways. However, a single dose of medicine won't cure the condition. Asthma needs to be controlled, not merely through medication but also through lifestyle and the environment as well.
Symptoms, Signs, and Trigger Factors
One of the most common signs and symptoms of this respiratory ailment is excessive coughing and wheezing. This is caused by the fact that the lung air passages are swollen and that there is an excessive build-up of mucus in the lungs. When you have this impairment you will discover that you feel more lethargic than usual especially in between bouts of attacks.
Asthma attacks normally vary in intensity and frequency, and can be triggered by fatigue, allergens, pollution, and even emotional stress. Irritants like perfume, detergent, dust, and pollen all contribute to the onset of an episode. Chest pain and dizziness also accompany an asthmatic attack, and even unconsciousness in the most severe of cases. Regular maintenance of a controller medicine will help prevent such dire occurrences.
If you are afflicted with asthma, life can be challenging. It is important that you never leave home without your medications, especially the quick-relief types. This ailment can disrupt your professional and social life. Being assailed by irrepressible coughs in the middle of a corporate meeting or when you're hosting an important meeting with a valued client is very uncomfortable and embarrassing.
An asthmatic affliction can also be induced by excessive heat and sweating. This makes working out or enjoying sports activities a great challenge. If you are someone who loves the outdoors, having this respiratory ailment will require a good extent of self-discipline. You must be wary therefore of exerting too much physical effort. Moreover, lack of sufficient rest and fatigue can also lead to unexpected attacks. People with asthma must realize that with their present condition, excesses are definitely not encouraged.
Successful Asthma Control
Asthma can be relieved by a quick relief medicine or a controller medicine. The difference between the two is that while quick relief medications provide instantaneous but short-lived relief, controller medications are used to control the ailment over a longer period of time. Therefore, it is important for this type of medication to be taken on a regular basis. Some of the examples of controller medicines are inhaled corticosteroids, Nedocromil, and Serevent.
This chronic lung condition may not be cured totally, however with the help of modern medicine, it can be controlled effectively. You may be advised by you physician to take medications everyday to prevent unwarranted attacks from disrupting your daily activities. Controller medicine is safe to use even on a daily basis. It does not contain addictive substances which may lead a patient to get hooked after prolonged use.
Understanding Your Asthma
If you want to control your asthma, you have to understand its causes, symptoms, risk factors, and the right medication. Taking a controller medicine for your condition will be relatively useless if you don't take an active participation in controlling its symptoms. Make sure that you keep away from the trigger factors as much as you can. It is essential that you maintain a clean and dust-free environment. Avoid the inhalation of harsh perfumes and chemicals. Take the right medications with you whenever you leave home.
If you want long term reprieve from this respiratory ailment, consult your doctor about the right controller medicine for you. Air pollutants can trigger attacks anytime and anywhere. With the right attitude and self-discipline, there is no reason why you cannot stay in control. Asthma can be debilitating, but it does not have to keep you from getting the best out of life.
Website: http://healthandanne.blogspot.com/
Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Anne_Rivera
Mouse trap
In the United States alone, the estimated damage that mice can incur annually is 1 Billion. This figure is not actually the total economic loss due to the amount of their consumption. But largely due to the things that must be put to garbage after the damage and contamination that they have done. Clothing, books, foods and the likes are contaminated by their droppings and urines and also be partially due to gnawing. Gnawing may cause electrical short circuiting as well impairment of some household items.
These are reasons enough why there is a great need to exterminate the specie. To further prove the point, mice are also known to cause some diseases such as leptospirosis, rat fever, salmonelossis and others.
Mice are nocturnal in nature, this is why they are seldom seen roaming the household. The only obvious signs that they are present are their droppings and occasional sounds that they make. Another indication is damage to food, stored materials and other household items. The specie is known for their curiosity. With this they seem to have created a habit of inspecting everything in their territory specially the new items.
Their habit of searching food is limited only for shorter distances, around 10 feet or so. If the supply of food is enough in a specific place, they normally don't explore beyond their territories. This is why mouse traps are often effective in eliminating the number of mouse population in certain areas.
There are several types of mouse traps. But whichever version you may choose, it is best to maximize the benefit of each.
Mouse trap placement is essential. It would be better to observe first the activities and signs of presence of the house pests before doing appropriate actions. The most ideal position of the mouse trap is to place them perpendicular to walls, to snug places, along tubes, tunnels and walls.
Some of the best baits for mice are the chocolate and water for live catch but the staples are cheese and peanut butter. It is also best to make use of cotton and other nesting materials.
It is advisable to use as many mice traps as possible to increase rate of catch.
In some cases, mouse traps don't work efficiently. This is mainly because the culprits for the loss of the bait are not mice at all. They may often be other pests like roaches, ants and crickets. To ensure better effectivity of catching mice, assure yourself that is mice you are catching. You may seek help by using non-repellant materials to expose anything that may point you to the real culprit.
Additionally, be sure that you are using the proper mouse trap. Rattraps don't effectively capture mice and mouse traps will only cause irritation to rats. if you have a mixed population in your household, you may choose to use T-Rex. This will capture rats a well as mice.
Check on your baits. The ultimate and most effective mouse trap bait is the one which effectively lures mice and does not easily detach from the mouse trap. You may try different settings and find which best works for your situation.
To further yield better results, expert rodent exterminators often advise the use of more mouse traps containing smaller baits rather than larger amounts of baits for fewer mouse traps.
Robert Thatcher is a freelance publisher based in Cupertino, California. He publishes articles and reports in various ezines and provides mouse trap resources on http://www.about-mouse-traps.info.
Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Robert_Thatcher
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